英语高手进啊。历史和法学方面的

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/01 08:26:09
罗马法的产生和发展演变历经1200多年,在其征服整个世界之后直至今日又经历了1000多年的历史变迁。它从最初一种狭小和简陋的农村共同体的法律,发展成为一种强大的城邦国家的法律,接着,在其发展过程中,又成为一种帝国的法律,导致当今世界,任何一种法律思想和法律体系,都程度不同地受到了罗马法的影响。作为世界两大法系之一,虽然在历史长河中一度被淹没,但是罗马法在中世纪的复兴充分说明了它对后世的深刻影响和其前瞻性。罗马法的特点主要是以私法为核心;丰富完备的法律系统;对法理的精深研究;并具有强烈的实践色彩;在中世纪后产生的其他法系,都在不同程度上继承了罗马法的这些精髓。在其后形成的大陆法系便是由罗马法发展而来,例如德国、法国都是罗马法忠实的继承者;而英美普通法系虽然受影响较少,但是英国的衡平法、美国的独立宣言都难免摆脱对罗马法的借鉴。而就民法而言,罗马法正是因其以私法为主的特点,使得罗马法的对于当代民法的建立与发展所产生了深远影响。罗马私法对权利主体资格、家庭与婚姻、监护与继承、物权与债权等制度都有详细而合理的规定,同时,在罗马法的民主共和制的基础上诸多制度和法律原则甚至在法律结构上也为各国近代民法所引用。在提倡依法治国的中国,就总体而言,形成一个统一的正确的私法观念有助于我国完备的私法体系的确立,我国作为大陆法系的国家从宪政到立法到司法,去学习和借鉴罗马法的显然具有重大的意义。

The emergence and development of Roman law after 1200 years of evolution, the whole world in their conquest after another until today has more than 1,000 years of historical changes. It originally from a small and poor rural community of law, develop into a powerful city-state's laws, then in its course of development, has become an empire of law, resulting in today's world, no law Ideology and legal system, to different degrees by the impact of Roman law. Liangtaifaji as one of the world, although in the long river of history were once submerged, but in the medieval Roman law fully shows the rejuvenation of its profound impact on future generations and their forward-looking. Roman law is the main feature of private law at the core; rich complete legal system for the intensive legal research and practice have a strong sense of color in the Middle Ages after the other legal systems, to varying degrees, the Roman law of succession of these Quintessence. In the subsequent forma