UC知道请教一篇文章翻译
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/23 23:06:37
大标题是“ Dynamic binding orientations direct activity of HIV reverse transcriptase”
第一段是：“Virtually all RNA-processing and DNA-processing enzymes show selectivity for backbone compositions or base sequences of their nucleic-acid substrates. This substrate selectivity is especially crucial for the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), which binds and discriminates between a variety of nucleic-acid duplexes for distinct catalytic functions. RT is a heterodimer consisting of a p51 and a p66 subunit,the latter of which contains catalytically active DNA polymerase and RNase H domains, catalysing a complex, multi-step reaction to convert the single-stranded RNA genome into double-stranded DNA. First, RT uses the viral RNA genome as a template and a host-cell transfer RNA as a primer to synthesize a minus-strand DNA, producing an RNA–DNA hybrid. This duplex becomes the substrate of the RNase H domain of RT, which cleaves the RNA strand at numerous points, leaving behind short RNA segments hybri
第一段是：“Virtually all RNA-processing and DNA-processing enzymes show selectivity for backbone compositions or base sequences of their nucleic-acid substrates. This substrate selectivity is especially crucial for the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT), which binds and discriminates between a variety of nucleic-acid duplexes for distinct catalytic functions. RT is a heterodimer consisting of a p51 and a p66 subunit,the latter of which contains catalytically active DNA polymerase and RNase H domains, catalysing a complex, multi-step reaction to convert the single-stranded RNA genome into double-stranded DNA. First, RT uses the viral RNA genome as a template and a host-cell transfer RNA as a primer to synthesize a minus-strand DNA, producing an RNA–DNA hybrid. This duplex becomes the substrate of the RNase H domain of RT, which cleaves the RNA strand at numerous points, leaving behind short RNA segments hybri
几乎所有的RNA的处理和DNA酶处理表明，选择性为骨干，组成相应的序列或其核酸酸基板。这个底物选择性，尤其是至关重要的艾滋病毒- 1逆转录酶（逆转录） ，其中具有约束力和歧视之间的各种核酸酸复式为独特的催化功能。逆转录是一个杂二聚体构成的一p51和p66亚基，后者其中载有积极的催化DNA聚合酶和核糖核酸酶H域，促进一个复杂的，多步反应转换为单滞留的RNA基因组到双滞留的DNA 。第一，利用反转录病毒RNA基因组作为一个模板和东道国细胞转移的RNA作为引物合成负链DNA ， RNA的生产一- DNA的杂交。这全双工成为衬底的核糖核酸酶H域的RT ， cleaves RNA的钢绞线在无数点，留下短的RNA片段杂交新生dna8 - 10 。其中这些RNA ，两个具体的嘌呤丰富的序列，称为该polypurine域（ ppts ） ，作为独特的引物开始合成加链DNA ，从而创造双滞留的DNA病毒基因组中。具体卵裂由核糖核酸酶H然后删除的PPT引物和暴露了一体化的序列，以方便插入病毒DNA导入东道国chromosome14 。不适当的启动合成的加链DNA在其他RNA的环节，防止integration.rt ，因此必须遵守下列引物选择规则：第一， DNA引物容易进行聚合酶活性的逆转录;第二，通用RNA的引物是不是有效地延长逆转录但容易从事核糖核酸酶H活性的反转录时，退火与DNA ;第三，的PPT的RNA可以直接均DNA聚合酶活性及网站的具体核糖核酸酶H活性的RT 。机制，其中的RT之间的歧视，这些基板，并执行适当的催化功能，但了解甚少。虽然核糖核酸酶H卵裂的分析表明，存在不同的互动模式的RT与基板，晶体结构至今已显示，只有一个酶具有约束力的方向“ 。