英语名词解释 通货膨胀(Inflation)

nflation, in classical economics, is an increase in the total stock of money. As the consequence of that, so called price inflation occurs and is revealed in a rise in general level of prices of goods and services over time. Although "inflation" is sometimes used to refer to a rise in the price of a specific set of goods or services, a rise in price of one set (such as food) without a rise in others (such as wages) is not included in the original meaning of the word. Increases in the price of financial assets (stocks, bonds, etc.) are not included in the calculation of inflation by governmental or banking agencies.
Because of the reciprocity of relation of all prices to the total stock of money in circulation (and vice versa), inflation can be thought of as a decrease in the value of the unit of currency (as much as deflation could be considered as an increase of value of that unit).[citation needed] Inflation is usually measured as the percentage rate of change of a