when引导的主从句有没有主过去完成时从一般过去时的

There are 2 issues here. One is the formation of a complex sentence, the other is the sequence of events.

"When" 和 时态 没有联系. 在这里它是一 个 subordinator.
When you have 2 independent clauses and you want to combine them into a complex sentence, then you have a choice of turning one of them into a dependent clause. Your choice depends on which independent clause you consider less important.
For example,
'He had finished lunch.' and 'He asked for a glass of water.' are 2 independent clauses. If you want to convey a message that 'He asked of a glass of water' is more important than 'He had finished lunch', then you convert 'He had finished lunch' into a subordinate clause. ie
When he had finished lunch, he asked for a glass of water.

On the other hand, if you think 'He had finished lunch' is more important, then you write,
He had finished lunch when he asked for a glass of water.