微波背景辐射 英文

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Cosmic microwave background radiation

In cosmology, the cosmic microwave background radiation CMB (also CMBR, CBR, MBR, and relic radiation) is a form of electromagnetic radiation filling the universe.[1] With a traditional optical telescope, the space between stars and galaxies (the background) is pitch black. But with a radio telescope, there is a faint background glow, almost exactly the same in all directions, that is not associated with any star, galaxy, or other object. This glow is strongest in the microwave region of the radio spectrum, hence the name cosmic microwave background radiation. The CMB's discovery in 1964 by astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson[2] was the culmination of work initiated in the 1940s, and earned them the 1978 Nobel Prize.

The CMBR is well explained by the Big Bang theory – when the universe was young, before the formation of stars and planets, it was smaller, much hotter, and filled with a unifor