香港被割让与经济发展

Absolutely Not,

If Hong Kong wasnt British's colony at last century, Hong Kong would remain as a trading port only.

However the following are the main reasons as well

In 1949, People's Republic of China was formed and under communist party's control.
A lot of Chinese had no faith and trust to the government and went to Hong Kong.
Those people brought money, skills and human resources to Hong Kong.

Secondly, due to Hong Kong 's good location, international trade have been taken place at it.

Third, HK 's political system, low income tax and VAT.