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-Zurich

In the 20th century, bridge construction technology evolved and was fueled by the
Industrial Revolution. At the turn of the century, steel bridges were riveted together, not
bolted; concrete bridges were cast in place, not precast; and large bridge members were
built from lacing bars and smaller sections, not rolled in one piece. Plastic had not yet been
invented. Construction techniques such as post-tensioning, slurry walls, soil freezing, and
reinforced earth walls had not yet been conceived. Surveying was performed mechanically
since infrared, optical technology was still 75 years away.
Bridge construction is changing as the new millennium begins. New construction
techniques and new materials are emerging. There are also new issues facing the bridge
building industry relative to the research needs associated with these new techniques and
materials.
LONG-S