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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/17 08:15:54
Current data suggest that apoptosis is probably centered on the synthesis and/or activation of a number of cytosolic
proteases. Such induction or activation can be triggered by a variety of stimuli , including withdrawal of growth factors,
engagement of specific receptors (e.g., FAS), or initiation of programmed cell death pathways during embryogenesis . The
proteases include calpain I, a calcium-dependent enzyme (explaining a role for increased cytosolic calcium in the process),
and proteases with homology to interleukin-1βconverting enzyme (Ice) . Initial activation of one or more enzymes with broad
specificity may then lead to a cascade of activation of other proteases, inexorably culminating in cell suicide. For example,
endonuclease activation results in the characteristic DNA fragmentation; Cell volume and shape changes may in part be
attributable to cleavage of components of the cytoskeleton . Th
proteases. Such induction or activation can be triggered by a variety of stimuli , including withdrawal of growth factors,
engagement of specific receptors (e.g., FAS), or initiation of programmed cell death pathways during embryogenesis . The
proteases include calpain I, a calcium-dependent enzyme (explaining a role for increased cytosolic calcium in the process),
and proteases with homology to interleukin-1βconverting enzyme (Ice) . Initial activation of one or more enzymes with broad
specificity may then lead to a cascade of activation of other proteases, inexorably culminating in cell suicide. For example,
endonuclease activation results in the characteristic DNA fragmentation; Cell volume and shape changes may in part be
attributable to cleavage of components of the cytoskeleton . Th
现有的数据表明,诱导细胞凋亡可能是集中在合成和/或活化细胞的数目
蛋白酶。这种诱导或激活可以被各种各样的刺激,包括撤军的生长因子,
订婚的特定受体(例如:美国),或者开始在胚细胞程序性死亡通路。这个
我,包括calpain蛋白酶酶(解释calcium-dependent角色的过程中钙含量增加细胞),
对interleukin-1βconverting与同调、蛋白酶酶(冰)。最初的一个或多个酶活性与宽广
特异性可能导致一连串的活化其他蛋白酶,无情地导致细胞自杀。举例来说,
结果endonuclease活化细胞体积破碎特性;脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)的形状变化,或许是
归功于乳沟元件的骨架。这个演示的特定基因的细胞凋亡,即可
刺激细胞死亡(例如,bax基因)可以解释这个要求的新基因表达的细胞凋亡。
相反,发现基因的细胞凋亡(bcl-2块)表明为什么抑制蛋白的合成,例如,
细胞损伤,通过过程会导致细胞死亡,其他模型凋亡。最后,吞噬凋亡的尸体
有特定的巨噬细胞上的受体结合邻近健康实质细胞。这个基因调控细胞凋亡
将被讨论,因为他们中扮演重要角色的肿瘤性变异。