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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/17 04:34:35
These points can be easily illustrated, even for small n values. For n = 4, the problem-space comprises 65536 states with any number of queens placed on the 4 X 4 chessboard (at most one queen per square). Of them, 1820 states exist with exactly 4 queens placed on the chessboard, but only 2 constitute optimal solutions (shown in Fig. 2); the probability of placing the first queen in a valid location is 1/4. Recently, improved search algorithms have
been proposed employing such techniques as the minimization of conflicts,12 the permutation of pairs of conflicting queens,13 and a directed choice in selecting the location of the first queen.14
The application of constraint propagation can reduce the computational effort (number of steps) of search. Let us assume that:
The elements of the problem constitute the n x n locations of the chessboard.
The constraints between the elements are dictated by the locations which are invalidated once a queen is placed on a given l
been proposed employing such techniques as the minimization of conflicts,12 the permutation of pairs of conflicting queens,13 and a directed choice in selecting the location of the first queen.14
The application of constraint propagation can reduce the computational effort (number of steps) of search. Let us assume that:
The elements of the problem constitute the n x n locations of the chessboard.
The constraints between the elements are dictated by the locations which are invalidated once a queen is placed on a given l
这些点可以很容易地说明，即使是小n值。对4例，问题空间包括65536国与任何数量的皇后放在4 × 4棋盘（最多一个女王每平方米） 。其中， 1820年国家存在完全4皇后放在棋盘上，但只有2是最佳解决方案（图所示。 2 ） ;的概率将首先在一个有效的皇后的位置是1 / 4 。最近，改善搜索算法已
有人建议采用这种技术为最大限度地减少冲突， 12日，置换对矛盾的皇后区， 13和选择，在选择导演的位置，第一queen.14
应用约束传播可以减少计算工作（若干步骤）的搜索。让我们假设：
内容的问题构成了格式为所在地的棋盘。
之间的制约因素是取决于地点，是无效的一次女王放在某一地点的棋盘：
0没有两个或更多，皇后可放置在同一地点的棋盘。
1没有两个或更多，皇后可放置在同一列的棋盘
（两个皇后在同一列威胁对方） 。
2没有两个或更多，女王可以在同一列中的棋盘
（两个皇后在同一列威胁对方） 。
3没有两个或更多，皇后可以放在相同的权利的对角线
棋盘（两个皇后在同一对角线权威胁对方） 。
4没有两个或更多，女王可以在同一左斜的
棋盘（两个皇后在同一左对角线威胁对方） 。