UC知道急求翻译 机械的就算了
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/17 03:52:40
氨对接触的皮肤组织都有腐蚀和刺激作用，可以吸收皮肤组织中的水分，使组织蛋白变性，并使组织脂肪皂化，破坏细胞膜结构。氨的溶解度极高，所以主要对动物或人体的上呼吸道有刺激和腐蚀作用，常被吸附在皮肤粘膜和眼结膜上，从而产生刺激和炎症。可麻痹呼吸道纤毛和损害粘膜上皮组织，使病原微生物易于侵入，减弱人体对疾病的抵抗力。氨通常以气体形式吸入人体，氨被吸入肺后容易通过肺泡进入血液，与血红蛋白结合，破坏运氧功能。进入肺泡内的氨，少部分为二氧化碳所中和，余下被吸收至血液，少量的氨可随汗液、尿液或呼吸排出体外。
短期内吸入大量氨气后会出现流泪、咽痛、咳嗽、胸闷、呼吸困难、头晕、呕吐、乏力等。若吸入的氨气过多，导致血液中氨浓度过高，就会通过三叉神经末梢的反射作用而引起心脏的停搏和呼吸停止，危及生命。
长期接触氨气，部分人可能会出现皮肤色素沉积或手指溃疡等症状；氨气被呼入肺后容易通过肺泡进入血液，与血红蛋白结合，破坏运氧功能。短期内吸入大量氨气后可出现流泪、咽痛、声音嘶哑、咳嗽、痰带血丝、胸闷、呼吸困难，可伴有头晕、头痛、恶心、呕吐、乏力等，严重者可发生肺水肿、成人呼吸窘迫综合症，同时可能发生呼吸道刺激症状。
室内空气中氨气主要来自建筑施工中使用的混泥土添加剂。添加剂中含有大量氨内物质，在墙体中随着温度、湿度等环境因素的变化而还原成氨气释放出来。
Notice
Exposure to ammonia on the corrosion of the skin and stimulate the growth of both the role of the skin can absorb water, so that protein denaturation, fat saponification and organizations to undermine the structure of cell membranes. High solubility of ammonia, so the main body of the animal or the upper respiratory tract and corrosive effect of stimulus, the skin is often adsorbed on the mucous membrane and conjunctiva, resulting in stimulation and inflammation. Paralysis of respiratory cilia and to mucosal epithelial tissue damage, so easy to invasive pathogens and weaken the body immunity against the disease. The form of ammonia gas inhalation is usually the human body by inhalation of ammonia, after lung lavage easily into the blood, combined with the hemoglobin, oxygen transportation function of the destruction. Into the alveolar ammonia, for a small portion of carbon dioxide and the remaining is absorbed to blood, can be a small amount of ammonia with sweat, urine