UC知道一段英语翻译，高手帮忙，机器请自重
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3.5 Control Variables
The literature on SCP in banking contains an array of independent variables used to control the
estimation procedures. This study will use several control variables as shown in Table 1. These
explanatory variables are included to hold constant other risk, cost and demand factors that may affect
profits (Evanoff and Fortier, 1988).
Ratio of total operating expenditures to total assets (RTOE), which measures the ability of the banks to
operate at lower costs, will have a negative coefficient.
10
Presumably, banks that operate with fewer costs
are more efficient. To control for the differences in operating costs attributed to varying bank size, a size
variable, LOGA or the log of total assets, is included.
11
If significant economies of scale do exist, this
will result in a positive coefficient.
A measure of risk factor, ratio of total loans and advances to total assets (TLTA), will have
3.5 Control Variables
The literature on SCP in banking contains an array of independent variables used to control the
estimation procedures. This study will use several control variables as shown in Table 1. These
explanatory variables are included to hold constant other risk, cost and demand factors that may affect
profits (Evanoff and Fortier, 1988).
Ratio of total operating expenditures to total assets (RTOE), which measures the ability of the banks to
operate at lower costs, will have a negative coefficient.
10
Presumably, banks that operate with fewer costs
are more efficient. To control for the differences in operating costs attributed to varying bank size, a size
variable, LOGA or the log of total assets, is included.
11
If significant economies of scale do exist, this
will result in a positive coefficient.
A measure of risk factor, ratio of total loans and advances to total assets (TLTA), will have
3.5控制变量
关于专利法常设委员会在银行文献载有用于控制自变量数组
估计程序。这项研究将使用多种控制，如表1所示的变量。这些
解释变量包括经常举行其他风险，成本和需求的因素可能会影响
利润（Evanoff和捷，1988）。
总运营支出占总资产的比率（RTOE），它衡量银行能力
以较低的成本运作，将有一个负系数。
10
据推测，银行较少的成本运作
更有效。为了控制经营成本的差异归因于不同的银行规模，大小
变量，洛加或总资产的记录，是包括在内。
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如果显着的规模经济不存在，此
将产生积极的系数。
风险因素，但贷款与垫款总额的比例（TLTA）总资产的措施，将产生积极的
系数。该比率越高，TLTA更大的风险，因此银行应预期
较高的预期回报。要捕获的供应和贷款和存款，比总需求的影响
至（RLTD）的存款总额贷款将被使用。
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科学家的假设是一个高RLTD反映竞争力
利息和利润率。
为了说明资金在金融市场的相对成本，需求（经常账户的比例）
至（RCDD）存款占存款总额包括在内。 RCDD代表了相对廉价的资金来源
银行和应该有一个有盈利的正相关关系。