荷兰人名中的“范”和德国人名中的“冯”到底是什么意思？

荷兰语中的范是 van，in the Dutch language, meaning 'of' or 'from', and a common prefix in Dutch surnames, as in Vincent van Gogh or George Vancouver.The German 'Von' is a cognate of Dutch 'van' but unlike the German 'von', the Dutch 'van' is not an indication of nobility.
德语中的冯是von
Von (generally in small case only as von) is a German preposition which approximately means of or from.

When it is used as a part of a German family name, it can indicate a member of the nobility, like the French and Spanish "de". At certain times and places, it has been illegal for anyone who was not a member of the nobility to use von before their family name. However, in the middle ages the "von" particle was still a common part of names and was widely used also by commoners, e.g. "Hans von Duisburg" meant Hans from (the city of) Duisburg.

The abolition of the monarchies in Germany and Austria in 1919