求助~语法题

来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/23 17:19:37
History textbools are the only testimony to the fact that trains were once a popular method of (travel,but they have become all but extinct since then)
A.travel,but they have become all but extinct since then
B.travel,but they are now all but extinct
C.travel,and have since become all but extinct
D.travel that has since become all but extinct
E.travel,since becoming all but extinct

加急!!答案是D,解释得好有重赏~~~

E把事情的先后都写反了，排除。

那么A、B、C为什么错，为何不能用并列句？
如果用并列句，整句结构可能有两种划分方法，
1、textbooks are the testimony是前半句，they are all but extinct是后半句，中间用连词but表示转折,然而they are all but extinct并不与textbooks are the testimony的意思相背，而是与trains were a popular method的意思相背，那么我们换一种划分方法：
2、trains were a popular method是前半句，they are all but extinct是后半句，中间用but表示转折，这个并列句内部是妥当了。然而这样一划分，整个并列句就是“the fact”的同位语从句，然而History textbooks中记载的fact其实只包括“trains were a popular method”，“they are all but extinct”是现代的情况，不可能写入History textbooks，所以在这里用并列句，无论如何会造成长句的结构矛盾，只好放弃走并列句这条路，搞复合句：
主句下的第一级从句“trains were once a popular method”只负责说明the fact，从句包含的下一级从句“that has since become all but extinct”只负责修饰method,从句法结构上避开了与the fact发生逻辑关系。

History textbools are the only testimony to the fact that trains were once a popular method of travel that has since become all but extinct.
all but [简明英汉词典]
adv.几乎, 差一点

火车从来没有几乎不用,所以用has since
单数that(复数these)用has
since 自从历史以来has since 就决定不选其他了