英语分词的定义

英语上的分词分为现在分词和过去分词。

现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示"主动和进行"，过去分词表示"被动和完成"(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。

1、 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。

分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。

（1）现在分词The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking.

（2）过去分词Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station. Given better attention, the plants could grow better.

2、"while ( when, once, until, if , though等连词)＋分词"结构现在分词或过去分词作状语时，有时可以在分词前加while，when, once, although, until, if等连词。

When leaving the airport, she waved again and again to us. While waiting for the train, I had a long talk with my sister about her work……

Once recovered, he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.

Although working very hard, he failed to pass the final exam. If translated word by word, the passage will be difficult to unders