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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/25 17:47:47
In 1776the Scottish economist Adam Smith, in The Wealth of Nations, proposed that specialization in production leads to increased output. Smith believed that in order to meet a constantly growing demand for goods, a country’s scarce resources must be allocated efficiently. According to Smith’s theory, a country that trades internationally should specialize in producing only those goods and, in which that trades internationally should specialize in producing only those goods in which it has an absolute advantage—that is, those goods it can produce more cheaply than can its trading partners. The country can then export a portion of those goods and, in turn, import goods that its trading partners produce more cheaply. Smith’s work is the foundation of the classical school of economic thought.
Half a century late, the English economist David Ricardo modified this theory of international trade. Ricardo’s theory, which is still accepted by most modern economists
优势行业
1776the苏格兰经济学家亚当史密斯的国富、 提议专业化生产导致增产. 史密斯认为,为了满足不断增长的需求, 一个国家的稀缺资源必须分配效率. 根据史密斯的理论,一个国家在国际贸易,只有那些货物应专门生产, 应该说,在国际贸易中,只有那些专门从事商品生产中都占有绝对优势,即 这些物品可产生较能以更低廉的贸易伙伴. 国家可以出口的货物部分,继而 进口货物的贸易伙伴带来更多的便宜. 史密斯的工作是基础学院的经典经济思想.
半个世纪后,英国经济学家大卫里卡多改装这一理论国际贸易. 里卡多的理论,这仍是最现代经济学家所接受,讲原则的比较优势. 基于这项原则, 一个国家能得到来自某种商品交易的贸易伙伴,即使能生产更多便宜的商品. 如果是比较优势的产品,每个贸易伙伴带来较好的价格在另一国 它将比在家. 如果每个国家专门生产的产品,其中有比较优势 更多商品生产和财富的买卖双方加国. 除了这个基本优势,进一步导致各国经济利益相互贸易. 国际贸易更有效率并增加导致全球生产 让国家(和个人)消费较大、多样化的商品束.藏民族是一个自然资源有限,能够生产和消费比它否则能. 如前所述, 建立国际贸易市场,开拓了一些潜在一个国家可以卖品. 产品的需求增加,国际化为大生产和更广泛地使用原材料和劳动力 这又导致国内就业增长, 从国际贸易竞争力的国内厂商也可以通过更加高效的现代化与创新.
在每个经济中,外贸的重要性完全相同. 一些国家只出口拓展国内市场或者在经济上援助. 民政部门在经济不景气. 依靠别国进行贸易的很大一部分国民收入和供应品供国内消费. 近年来对外贸易也被视为一种手段,促进了民族成长的经济. 发展中国家和国际组织日益强调这种贸易.
ADVANTAGES OF TRADE
In 1776the Scottish economist Adam Smith, in The Wealth of Nations, proposed that specialization in production leads to increased output. Smith believed that in order to meet a constantly growing demand for goods, a country’