UC知道帮助翻译一下谢谢
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/16 04:56:10
Important Concepts and Definitions
It is helpful at this point to clarify a few concepts which are important in our economic analyses
later in the course.
I. Nominal and real values
When we refer to nominal values, such as nominal prices, earnings, wages or nominal
interest rates, we refer to the dollar value of the prices, earnings, wages, or the numerical
value of the interest rates. A person earning $10 per hour in today's dollars is said to b
earning a nominal wage of $10.
Real values are always values in comparison, or relative, to other related economic
variables. Thus a person earning a nominal wage of $10 in 1996 may only be earning a
real wage of $5 relative to today's doubled prices since, say, 1986. Applying the concep
to interest rates, a 12% nominal interest rate is only a 2% real interest rate if prices are
rising by 10%.
II. Positive and normative economic statements
Positive economic stat
It is helpful at this point to clarify a few concepts which are important in our economic analyses
later in the course.
I. Nominal and real values
When we refer to nominal values, such as nominal prices, earnings, wages or nominal
interest rates, we refer to the dollar value of the prices, earnings, wages, or the numerical
value of the interest rates. A person earning $10 per hour in today's dollars is said to b
earning a nominal wage of $10.
Real values are always values in comparison, or relative, to other related economic
variables. Thus a person earning a nominal wage of $10 in 1996 may only be earning a
real wage of $5 relative to today's doubled prices since, say, 1986. Applying the concep
to interest rates, a 12% nominal interest rate is only a 2% real interest rate if prices are
rising by 10%.
II. Positive and normative economic statements
Positive economic stat
重要的概念和定义,有利于在此澄清几个概念,而且是很重要的 经济分析,在后来的过程. 一名义值和实际值时,我们指的象征价值,如名义价格,投资收益, 工资或名义利率,我们指的是美元价值的价格,收入,工资, 或数值的利率. 一个人收入10元一小时,在今天的美元,是说给B打工的名义工资10元. 真正的价值是永远的价值比较,还是相对的,对其他相关经济变量. 因此,一个人拿下了名义工资10元,在1996年只能赚实质工资500 相对于今天的价格翻了一番,因为说, 1986年. 运用概念利率 12%的名义利率只有2% ,实质利率如果价格上涨了10% . 二. 实证和规范经济报表经济正面陈述事实或关系,可以证实或disproven . 规范经济声明是别人的意见或价值判断有关经济问题. 这种说法无法得到证实. 凹contraire (如法国要说) ,一个规范的声明是一个人们普遍争论. 看到正面的陈述,并没有成为真正的声明; 声明可以disproven . 这将是一个积极的虚假陈述. 还记住预言 如"莺要赢得世界系列今年"或"皮肤将在超级碗这再次硒 ASON中的"不属于规范性报表,但预测或期望(或一厢情愿)无关的事实或价值判断