关于从句的基础问题请解答 10分

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/04/27 23:07:57
拜托,问一下,从句的意义是什么?什么时候用?都有几种结构,分别是怎样?谢谢,10分!

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)
定语从句是修饰名词的从句,起形容词的作用。定语从句一般由一个关系代词或关系副词引导,被修饰的名词称为先行词。定语从句一般要紧接在先行词后面。
定语从句就其与先行词的关系来说,可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
1、限制性定语从句限制或规定先行词的范围,和先行词有着不可分割的关系,对于全句的意义来说是不可缺少的。如果去掉定语从句,全句的意义就不明确、不完整。例如:
That is the man who gave us a report yesterday.
那位就是昨天给我们作报告的人。
1)引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which。关系代词代表先行词,同时又在从句中担任一种句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语或定语。关系代词的用法见下表:
(1)who代表人,在从句中作主语,如:
He give those books to the students who were interested.
(2)whom也代表人,在从句中作宾语,有时可以省略,如:
Many people (whom) we know are sports men.
有时也可以用who来代替whom,例如:
The worker (whom/who) you mentioned has not come.
在介词后,只能用whom, 不能省略,如:
The man to whom you spoke just now is a doctor.
比较下列句子:
The boy about whom you talked has gone home.
The boy (whom) you talked about has gone home.
(3)whose代表“某人或某物的”,在从句中作定语,如:
The woman whose bike was stolen is John’s mother.
This is a pretty flower whose