UC知道在线等：会计英语论文资料翻译
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/23 19:57:16
字数不算多，只是局部章节。答案满意者追加。
Defining corporate income in terms of expected cash flows to shareholders implicitly builds in a distinction, unrelated to the Haig-Simons income concept, between debt and equity. In effect, payments to debt-holders but not equity-holders are deducted from the measure. The rationale for this distinction is simply one of convenience. In the polar cases of simple debt and equity, the former is a fixed return with priority rights, while the latter is simply a right to the residual profits. Thus, the former can be measured without regard to company-level performance, apart from the question of possible default, while the latter cannot. The existing treatment of debt and equity in U.S. tax law, whereby interest but not dividend payments are deductible to the payer although both are taxable to the recipient, is difficult to reconcile with optimal tax theory.
c) Current-year versus long-term focus – Haig-Simons income may sound very current period-focused, beca
Defining corporate income in terms of expected cash flows to shareholders implicitly builds in a distinction, unrelated to the Haig-Simons income concept, between debt and equity. In effect, payments to debt-holders but not equity-holders are deducted from the measure. The rationale for this distinction is simply one of convenience. In the polar cases of simple debt and equity, the former is a fixed return with priority rights, while the latter is simply a right to the residual profits. Thus, the former can be measured without regard to company-level performance, apart from the question of possible default, while the latter cannot. The existing treatment of debt and equity in U.S. tax law, whereby interest but not dividend payments are deductible to the payer although both are taxable to the recipient, is difficult to reconcile with optimal tax theory.
c) Current-year versus long-term focus – Haig-Simons income may sound very current period-focused, beca
隐含地定义公司收入根据对股东修造的期望的现金流动在分别，无关与黑格Simons收入概念，在债务和产权之间。 实际上，对债务持有人的没有付款，而是资产持有人从措施没有被扣除。 这分别的理论基础是完全一个便利。 在简单的债务和产权极性事例，而后者是权利对残余的赢利，前是与优先权权利的固定的回归。 因此，而后者不能，除可能的缺省的问题之外，前可以被测量不考虑company-level表现。 债务和产权的现有的治疗在美国税法的，藉以兴趣，但是不是股息支付是可推论的对付款人，虽然两个是可征税的对接收者，是难和解与优选的税理论。 c) 当前年对长期焦点-黑格Simons收入也许听起来非常期间被聚焦的潮流，因为它测量在当前，什么发生了。 然而，它计数在上的变化的事实使它潜在地无限horizoned。 终究在期望的未来净现金流量上的所有变化，无论小和顺从，有对现值的一些作用。 因此，在期望上的一个变化关于未来可能影响currentyear收入，如果收入一样广泛地被定义，象黑格Simons概念建议。 对于个体，最醒目的涵义与未来收入关连。 我们倾向于认为个体的本年度黑格Simons收入根据他们的当前年收入，加上所有本年度挽救，按照惯例被定义根据金融性资产。 路易斯Kaplow注意了，然而，对人力资本的黑格Simons方法将暗示当前收税人在他们期望的未来收入上的现值的所有变化的。 因此，当她移动了离毕业较近的一年一个当前失业的全时法学院学生会有从增量的当前黑格Simons收入按她的未来收入的现值。 如果好成绩，或者她制造的法律回顾，增加她的未来收入勘察，她会有更加当前黑格Simons收入。 这怎样不一致是与黑格Simons征收所得税典型地视图的甚而坚强的拥护者理想的所得税系统。