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来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/05/24 14:01:17
在统治型社会治理模式中, 对于官吏的要求长期存在着争论。“官本位”文化的思路在终极追求中是要无条件地“忠君事主”;“民本位”文化的思路则反复申述“民贵”“君轻”的主张。管理型社会治理方式以制度的形式消解了所谓“贵”与“轻”的争论。但这种社会治理方式往往是通过间接的、迂回的途径来认识和了解公共利益的, 往往在公共利益的要求与实现之间存在着“时滞”。特别是那些已经实现了职业化的社会治理者, 缺乏积极回应公共利益要求的热情, 往往表现出我们称为“官僚主义”的那种对于公共利益的冷漠。所以, 在走向后工业社会的历史转型的过程中, 在人们期求更为进步的社会治理模式的过程中, 管理型的社会治理方式需要由更加灵活的、积极的和主动的公共管理取而代之。
对于公共管理来说, 新型的社会治理体制和制度是其赖以展开活动的前提和基础。但是, 与管理型社会治理方式不同, 治理者的职业并不只是简单地充作体制和制度的构成因素和实现途径, 而是体制和制度的必要补充。由此看来, 统治型社会治理倡导官吏忠“君”爱“民”。在君民之间出现矛盾和冲突的时候, 要么要求盲目忠君, 要么要求理性地贵“民”轻“君”。这两种选择都要求官吏在“君”与“民”之间作出选择和取舍。在统治型社会治理模式得以发生的历史
Therefore, as individual managers of public cooperation in public management system that will be encountered in dealing with the issue of a superior-subordinate relationship, and he will become a day-to-day management activities of the public elements. For example, the Government of the need to implement the main public management and maintenance of superior orders the interests of the Government, the public management organizations need to address relationship with the Government, and serves the interests of society and maintain social. Whether the Government is in the main public administration, or social organizations in the public administration, the public will understand the interests of the deviation, in particular, how to make use of long-term interests and short-term interests, we will encounter is a constant problem. Public administration, there are not fully resolve the conflicts of interest and even conflict. Nevertheless, public managers can not do nothing. In fact, the