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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/19 05:30:22
??此结构方式，由立柱、横梁、顺檩等主要构件建造而成，各个构件之间的结点以榫卯相吻合，构成富有弹性的框架。中国古代木构架有抬梁、穿斗、井干三种不同的结构方式。抬梁式是在立柱上架梁，梁上又抬梁，所以称为“抬梁式”。宫殿、坛庙、寺院等大型建筑物中常采用这种结构方式。穿斗式是用穿枋把一排排的柱子穿连起来成为排架，然用枋、檩斗接而成，故称作穿斗式。多用于民居和较小的建筑物。井干式是用木材交叉堆叠而成的，因其所围成的空间似井而得名。这种结构比较原始简单，现在除少数森林地区外已很少使用。木构架结构有很多优点，首先，承重与围护结构分工明确，屋顶重量由木构架来承担，外墙起遮挡阳光、隔热防寒的作用，内墙起分割室内空间的作用。由于墙壁不承重，这种结构赋予建筑物以极大的灵活性。其次，有利于防震、抗震，木构架结构很类似今天的框架结构，由于木材具有的特性，而构架的结构所用斗拱和榫卯又都有若干伸缩余地，因此在一定限度内可减少由地震对这种构架所引起的危害。“墙倒屋不塌”形象地表达了这种结构的特点。
Ancient architecture to wood, tile-like building materials, wood for the main structural framework of the structure of this structure, the sources, beams, Shun cross-beam construction, and other major components from various components between nodes coincide with tenon and mortise d, a flexible framework. Chinese ancient wooden framework has asked Liang, Chuandou, wells dry three different structures. If style is huge stakes Liang Liang, Liang river also houses, so called "feel Liang-style." Palace, Tanmiao, monasteries and other large buildings often use such structures. Chuandou-wear Santalum album is a link to Row after row of pillars wearing a rack, particularly in Santalum album, the cross-beam to which the Big Dipper, it is called Chuandou ceremony. More for residential and smaller buildings. Wells dry-wood is used by cross-stacking, because the Circuit into space may wells and 得名. This simple structure is the original, now with the exception of a few areas of forest