初中英语总结性题

被动语态是一种语法手段，使句子里谓语动词后面的宾语，变成主语，成为动作的执行者。因此，当我们要把动作的承受者变成动作的主宰时，便要用被动语态（the passive voice）。

但是，不是所有的主动语态（the active voice）都可以转变为被动语态，因为有些及物动词（the transitive verb）是不适合以被动形式出现的。

下列句子可以证明：

I have a Japanese car.
The auditorium holds 3000 people.
This coat does not fit you.
Jane resembles her mother.
Tom jumped the queue.
I wish you would mind your business.
Such an idea has just crossed my mind.
此外，有些及物动词虽以主动语态出现，却具有被动含义，故不宜再转变为被动语态。其实，也不能变，因为这些动词后面没有宾语。例如：

This new knife cuts well.
Nylon shirts wash easily.
Jason's books sell quickly.
This type of ball pens writes in two colours.
The note reads as follows : "..."
另有些动词，虽有主动语态，但却常以被动形式出现，以便更加符合动词惯用法。例如：

The train is scheduled to leave at 8pm.
All are supposed to come to the meeting on time.
The case was reported to the police.
上述例句中的主动语态为下，但却少见：

＊The railway offic