有高手吗？能帮帮我翻译高难度的英文文章吗？谢谢！

来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/24 18:42:41
The PCI bus is fine for attaching high-speed peripherals to a computer, but it is far too expensive to have a PCI interface for each low-speed I/O device was connected to the computer in a special way, with some free ISA and PCI slots for adding new devices. Unfortunately, this scheme has been fraught with problems from the beginning. For example, each new I/O device often responsible for setting switches and jumpers on the card and making sure the settings do not conflict with other cards. Then the user must open up the case, carefully insert the card, close the case ,and reboot the computer . For many user ,this process is difficult and error prone. In addition, the number of ISA and PCI slots is very limited (two and three typically). Plug’n Play cards eliminate the jumper settings, but the user still has to open the computer to insert the card and bus slots are still limited.
To deal with this problem, in the mid 1990s,representatives from seven companies (Compaq, DEC, IB

PCI总线是可以(容许)高速的外部设备连接到电脑的,但是为每一个低速的I/O(输入输出)设备准备一个PCI接口是非常昂贵的,比如富裕的ISA和PCI插槽.但是不幸的是,从一开始这样的系统已经伴随着问题(被设计出来了).举例来说,每一个新的I/O设备总是要在卡上设置开关和中断以确保它不会与别的卡冲突.然后用户要打开机箱,小心的把卡插上,盖好机箱,然后从新启动电脑.对于大多数用户来说,这个过程是很难的,而且易于出错.再有,ISA和PCI插槽的数量也是有限制的(一般是2个或3个).Plug'n Play(既插既用)类型的卡省略了设置中断的步骤,但是用户还是不得不去打开机箱来插上它,而且插槽的数量也还是有限制.
为了要解决这个问题,在90年代中期,七个公司(COMPAQ康柏,DEC,IBM,INTER,MICROSOFT微软,NEC和NORTHERN TELECOM北电)的代表坐在了一起去寻求一个更好的方式以便在一台电脑上安装低速的I/O设备.从那之后,成百上千的公司加入到了这个行列.而(他们发展出的)解决方式就是一种称为USB的标准,并在个人电脑上得到了广泛的应用.
在这个计划的一开始,这些公司关于USB初始的构想有:
1.用户可以不用去在主板或设备上设置开关或中断.
2.用户可以不用去打开机箱来安装新的I/O设备.
3.只有一种线缆
4.I/O设备从这个线缆中得到电源.
5.最多有127种设备可以被安装到一台电脑上.
6.这个系统要可以支持实时设备(例如声卡,电话)
7.设备可以在电脑运行的时候安装
8.当新的设备安装上之后,不需要从新启动电脑.
9.新的总线和I/O设备可以低成本制造.
USB达到了所有的既定目标.它被设计(应用)于低速的设备,比如键盘,鼠标,静止摄象头,快照扫描仪,数字电话等等等等.USB接口总的带宽为每秒1.5MB,对于相当数量上的这些设备来说是足够了.而且它的低门槛也保证了它的底成本.