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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/29 05:54:17
From the time it is placed and throughout its hardening
period, cement-based material is the seat of considerable
length changes due to the reduction of its initial
mixing water. The main phenomena at the origin of the
water content decrease are evaporation of water in the
mix towards the external environment, suction by the
substrate and water consumption by the hydration
process [1, 2]. These effects, combined with hygrometric
variations of the surroundings generate large
length changes in the material layer. Generally these
volume changes cannot occur freely and stresses
therefore develop, which can lead to cracking [3–5].
This can be particularly significant in cases of thin
applications of mortar and concrete layers such as
repairs, coatings for walls, decorative finishes, etc.
where the exposed surface is large relative to the
volume of material applied [6, 7]. To explain the early
damage that ap
period, cement-based material is the seat of considerable
length changes due to the reduction of its initial
mixing water. The main phenomena at the origin of the
water content decrease are evaporation of water in the
mix towards the external environment, suction by the
substrate and water consumption by the hydration
process [1, 2]. These effects, combined with hygrometric
variations of the surroundings generate large
length changes in the material layer. Generally these
volume changes cannot occur freely and stresses
therefore develop, which can lead to cracking [3–5].
This can be particularly significant in cases of thin
applications of mortar and concrete layers such as
repairs, coatings for walls, decorative finishes, etc.
where the exposed surface is large relative to the
volume of material applied [6, 7]. To explain the early
damage that ap
从时间把它放在和整个硬化
期间，水泥基材料是相当多的席位
长度的变化而减少其初始
混合水。主要现象的起源
水分含量的减少蒸发，水
组合对外部环境，吸的
衬底和耗水的水化
过程[ 1 ， 2 ] 。这些影响，加上hygrometric
变化的环境产生大
长度变化的物质层。通常这些
量的变化不可能发生，并强调自由
因此，发展，从而导致开裂[ 3-5 ] 。
这可能是特别重要的情况下薄
应用砂浆和混凝土层，如
修理，涂料的墙壁，装饰完成后，等
那里的外露表面是相对较大的
体积的材料应用[ 6 ， 7 ] 。解释早期
损害出现在这种类型的结构，许多
作者强调了影响thesubstrate ，限制长度变化的新
材料[ 3 ， 8月10日] 。另一些人强调的影响
的非均匀干燥的材料进行，
可能导致异质行为
[ 4 ， 5 ， 9 ， 11 ， 12 ] 。
近年来，有趣的方面已经取得进展
在一些方法的特点
财产梯度胶凝材料。几个
研究已经开展，目的是
调查的影响，对知识产权梯度
使用寿命的胶凝材料，用于
质覆盖。与此同时，一些研究
表明，制定和固化条件，
结合迫击炮制定，可诱导
强非均质性的数量材料
（特别是在附近的干燥表面）和
因此，能够影响其耐久性[ 6 ， 13 ] 。这些
财产梯度主要涉及到非均匀
水分分布数量的物质，
非均匀水化阶段发展[ 14-16 ]
非均匀发展方面的变化（在
特别是干缩和蠕变）和其
影响的应力分布，从而产生
打击[ 6 ， 9 ， 17 ] 。
通常情况下，一些测量技术的特点
财产梯度水泥基材料
建议。 Gammadensitometry例如，
使水分含量的测量，从而
相关的密度来衡量不同深度的
材料[ 14 ] 。剖面的水分含量可以
从而确定该材料层。出于同样的