化学高手进来帮帮忙啊

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/25 16:13:26
手上有几个问题,急待解决,大家来帮帮忙~~~
1、Explain,in terms of intermolecular forces,why (a)the boiling point of 02 is higher than that of N2.
(b)the boiling point of NO is higher than that of either O2 or N2.
2、Would you expect to find Hydrogen bond in:C2H5OH ? CH3OCH3 ? N2H4 ? Clearly Explain.
3、What type of intermolecular forces are present in H2 ? CCl4 ? NH3 ?

如果能用英文描述的话我会另外加分!!!实在不行就用中文吧,谢谢各位了~~~

1、(a)分子间力(范德华力)有色散力、诱导力和取向力三种,在极性分子间有色散力,诱导力和取向力;在极性分子与非极性分子间有色散力和诱导力;在非极性分子间只有色散力。实验证明,对大多数分子来说,色散力是主要的;只有偶极矩很大的分子(如水),取向力才是主要的;而诱导力通常是很小的。色散力的大小主要取决于分子量。氧气的分子量大于氮气,所以氧气分子间力比较大,沸点高于氮气。
(b)NO分子不对称,而O2、N2都是对称分子,所以NO的取向力特别大,沸点高于O2、N2。
2、在乙醇、二甲醚、联氨中存在氢键的是乙醇和联氨。这是因为二甲醚是对称性分子,而且碳氧键处于中间位置。而乙醇和联氨的氢氧键、氮氢键在分子的一端。
3、H2分子间主要有色散力、诱导力,CCl4分子间主要也有色散力、诱导力,NH3分子间除了色散力、诱导力之外还有取向力。

1, (a) intermolecular forces (van der Waals force) has dispersion forces, induction and orientation forces three kinds of forces, in the polar molecules have dispersion forces, induction forces and orientation of force; in polar molecules and non-polar molecules have dispersion force and persuasive power; in non-polar molecules only dispersion forces. Experiments show that for most molecules, the dispersion force is the main; only large molecular dipole moment (such as water), orientation is the main force; while inducing force is usually small. Dispersion force depends on the size of molecular we