“Smoking ____ your health. Give it up,” my grandfather said to me seriousl

选b.affect 动词，影响
a.effect noun
a change that sb/sth causes in sb/sth else; a result 效应；影响；结果
c.injure verb
1.to harm yourself or sb else physically, especially in an accident （尤指在事故中）伤害，使受伤 VN
He injured his knee playing hockey. 他打曲棍球时膝盖受伤。
2.Three people were killed and five injured in the crash. 撞车事故中有三人死亡，五人受伤。
to damage sb's reputation, pride, etc. 损害，伤害（名誉、自尊等） VN
d.attack
noun
1.an act of using violence to try to hurt or kill sb 袭击；攻击 countable uncountable ~ (on sb)
a series of racist attacks 一连串的种族袭击行为
2.an act of trying to kill or injure the enemy in war, using weapons such as guns and bombs （在战争中使用武器的）进攻，攻击 countable uncountable ~ (on sb/sth)
3.to launch/make/mount an attack 发起／进行攻击；发动进攻
The patrol came under attack from all sides. 巡逻队受到四面八方的攻击。
4.strong criticism of sb/sth in speech or in writing （口头和书面的）抨击，非难 countable uncountable ~ (on sb/sth)
a scathing attack on the