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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/26 22:53:29
Heuristics and Satisficing
The use of heuristics in decision-making has been around since the beginning of time. Heuristics are unscientific methods invoked in an attempt to formulate a response. We tend to gravitate towards heuristics as they minimize the cognitive resources needed to come up with a suitable answer. Instead of plugging through a full set of alternatives, heuristics allow us to identify a feasible solution. Economist Herbert Simon defines this as satisficing – ‘getting a result that is good enough.’ This often leads less than optimal outcomes as each satsificed decision decreases the expected value of its descendant. A final drawback of satsificing comes in the area of tradeoff evaluation. In an attempt to save cognitive effort decision makers will forego the process of weighing different decision attributes against one another. This is particularly damaging [as] explicit tradeoffs between attributes are generally acknowledged as the gold standard for accurate dec
The use of heuristics in decision-making has been around since the beginning of time. Heuristics are unscientific methods invoked in an attempt to formulate a response. We tend to gravitate towards heuristics as they minimize the cognitive resources needed to come up with a suitable answer. Instead of plugging through a full set of alternatives, heuristics allow us to identify a feasible solution. Economist Herbert Simon defines this as satisficing – ‘getting a result that is good enough.’ This often leads less than optimal outcomes as each satsificed decision decreases the expected value of its descendant. A final drawback of satsificing comes in the area of tradeoff evaluation. In an attempt to save cognitive effort decision makers will forego the process of weighing different decision attributes against one another. This is particularly damaging [as] explicit tradeoffs between attributes are generally acknowledged as the gold standard for accurate dec
启发法和Satisficing 对启发法的用途在政策制定是从起始时间。启发法是不科学的方法被祈求为公式化反应。我们倾向于趋向往启发法当他们使认知资源减到最小必要产生一个适当的答复。而不是塞住通过选择全套, 启发法允许我们辨认一种可行的解答。经济学家赫伯特・西蒙定义这作为satisficing - ` 取得是足够好的结果。' 这经常带领较不比优选的结果如同每个satsificed 决定减退它的后裔的期望的价值。一个最后的缺点satsificing 进来交易评估区域。为保存认知努力作决策者将抛弃斟酌不同的决定属性的过程反对互相。这是特殊残损的[ 和] 明确交易在属性之间一般被承认作为黄金本位制为准确判定过程[ Hoch 和Kunreuther ] 。人趋向对satisfice 的第三个区域(紧密地与交易相关) 集成信息。人处理信息连续, 采取一件一次和直到所有片断被处理了。这是原因为什么在代数, 我们总被告诉解决为一可变物一次。不同于多过程, 高端内存计算机, 我们能只维护在五个和九个信息之间在任一点及时[ 米勒] 。当处理多归因于问题, 它是确切看为什么我们倾向于是有选择性的在我们选择处理与是相对全面在问题的我们的悟性的信息。