2个英语teacher不解释的问题

[第一个问题]
是这样来的：
一、主动语态时：
--- We hold that these boys should be responsible for their actions.“hold”在这里是“认为”的意思。又如：
--- She holds that modern youth shoudn't shut themselves away from the outside world.她认为现代的年轻人不应该与外面的世界脱节。

语法分析先从主动语态出发，有：
主语 -- We（被动语态中被省略了，现在需要补充出来）
谓语 -- hold
宾语从句 -- (that) these boys should be responsible for their actions.
变成被动语态后，原来的宾语“boys”成了主语，而主要动词（即：主句里的谓语动词）仍然是“hold”并且一起前移了，结果是：The three boys should be held responsible for their actions.
这时的语法结构是：
主语 -- these boys
谓语 -- should be held
主语补足语（等价于表语）-- responsible for their actions

[第二个问题]
I wanted to leave as far away as possible from the battle that's going on behind us.
1）that was 不可以缩合成“that's”；
2）原来的句子可能有错误，最好说“that was”。但是比较勉强的理解可以是：（当时）我想离那战斗越远越好，那战斗此刻还在我们身后进行着。

1. 及物动词后边加宾语再加形容词、过去分词、现在分词，名词、副词时这里的形容词等都作宾语的补足语。比如我们学过的make sb do sth, make sth done, make+n+adj等结构都是加宾语加宾语补足语的结构。这句话中hold的真正宾语时