气候对国际贸易影响的论文

Carbon trading has its roots in the Kyoto Protocol. This is the international agreement to reduce levels of industrial gases believed to cause climate change. Many scientists link warmer temperatures to carbon dioxide and other pollutants.
One way carbon dioxide enters the atmosphere is when oil and other carbon-based fuels are burned. Under the Kyoto Protocol, companies have an allowance. This is the amount of carbon dioxide they are permitted to release.
Companies can go over their limit. But they must buy credits from companies that have more than they need. These are companies that have not used all of their allowance. Each credit permits the holder to release one ton of carbon into the atmosphere.
Carbon credits have been traded unofficially since two thousand three. Since then, the price of a credit has risen by about forty percent. Now, the European Union will require factories and power stations in the twenty-five member countries to use the system. A progr