UC知道英文论文求翻译
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/31 16:32:55
For example, the soils of coniferous
forests in the northwest United States may
contain 50 years of accumulated litterfall,
because the low pH of the litter and the
lack of summer rainfall inhibit microbial
activity. In mature forests of this type,
woody material such as dead trunks and
branches can constitute 50–60% of the
litter. By contrast, the soils under broadleaf
forests in the eastern United States
accumulate only a few years’ worth of
litter, and soils in some tropical rain forests
accumulate virtually none, because conditions
are more favourable for decomposition
(Spurr and Barnes, 1980). Warm
temperature, high moisture content, high
oxygen availability, and high palatability of
the litter to microorganisms all favour
decomposition. The more highly lignified
litter is, the less digestible it is, and the
more its decomposition depends on the
unique organisms that can degrad
forests in the northwest United States may
contain 50 years of accumulated litterfall,
because the low pH of the litter and the
lack of summer rainfall inhibit microbial
activity. In mature forests of this type,
woody material such as dead trunks and
branches can constitute 50–60% of the
litter. By contrast, the soils under broadleaf
forests in the eastern United States
accumulate only a few years’ worth of
litter, and soils in some tropical rain forests
accumulate virtually none, because conditions
are more favourable for decomposition
(Spurr and Barnes, 1980). Warm
temperature, high moisture content, high
oxygen availability, and high palatability of
the litter to microorganisms all favour
decomposition. The more highly lignified
litter is, the less digestible it is, and the
more its decomposition depends on the
unique organisms that can degrad
例如，美国西北部针叶林的土壤可能含有50多年的落叶积累，因为低PH值的落叶层和夏季降水的缺乏抑制了微生物的活动。成长到这种程度的森林，像死亡的树枝之类的木质材料可以构成50-60 ％的落叶层。相比之下，美国东部的阔叶林的土壤仅仅积累几年份有价值的落叶层，并且一些热带雨林中的土壤几乎没有积累落叶层，因为那里的条件更利于分解。(Spurr and Barnes, 1980).温暖的温度，高的湿度含量，高浓度的氧气供应， 高嗜食性的落叶层让所有的微生物都得到了分解。落叶层的木质化程度越高，可消化的程度越低，它的分解更多的取决于一种独特的成分---可降解纤维素。生态真菌木质纤维素的退化……生物体主要负责木质纤维素的退化成好氧丝状真菌，并且在这个过程中中最迅速的降能器是担子菌。(Kirk and Farrell, 1987）
例如，土壤的针叶
森林西北美国可能
载有50多年的积累凋落，
因为低pH值的垃圾和
缺乏夏季降水抑制微生物
活动。在成熟的森林这种类型，
木质材料，如死亡的树干和
分支机构可以构成50-60 ％的
垃圾。相比之下，土壤阔叶
森林在美国东部
积累仅仅几年'价值
乱抛垃圾，和土壤中某些热带雨林
积累几乎没有，因为条件
更有利于分解
（斯珀和Barnes ， 1980 ） 。暖和的
温度，水分含量高，高
氧可用性，高适口性的
垃圾对微生物所有赞成
分解。更高度木质化
垃圾，不易消化，这是与
更其分解取决于
独特的生物，可降解lignocellulose.Ecology真菌木质纤维素
退化
生物体主要负责
纤维素退化好氧丝状
真菌类，以及最迅速
degraders这一组中有担子
（柯克和法雷尔， 1987年） 。