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来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/06/22 06:01:27
In total, the transported amount of chemicals belonging to categories A to D in the MARPOL Class was equivalent to about 2,400 million tonmiles. This corresponds to about 12 loaded tankers being en route in the Baltic Sea at any given time (HELCOM, 1990).
The report (HELCOM, 1990) also gave draft risk estimation for the outflow of hemical tankers and concluded that this damage is mainly due to groundings and collisions. The outflow of cargo from a single bottom chemical tanker was estimated to be 25 in 100,000 voyages in a grounding accident. In a collision accident, the corresponding risk was estimated to be 5 in 100,000 voyages. However, these estimations all concerned single hull tankers, and some correction factors were used to convert the results so that they can be applied to double hull tankers. In groundings, single hull tankers were observed to have a spill 8 times more often than double hull tankers. As regards collisions it was observed that for double hull tank
The report (HELCOM, 1990) also gave draft risk estimation for the outflow of hemical tankers and concluded that this damage is mainly due to groundings and collisions. The outflow of cargo from a single bottom chemical tanker was estimated to be 25 in 100,000 voyages in a grounding accident. In a collision accident, the corresponding risk was estimated to be 5 in 100,000 voyages. However, these estimations all concerned single hull tankers, and some correction factors were used to convert the results so that they can be applied to double hull tankers. In groundings, single hull tankers were observed to have a spill 8 times more often than double hull tankers. As regards collisions it was observed that for double hull tank
总体而言，化学品运输量属于类A至D级的防污相当于约2400万tonmiles 。这相当于大约12装载油轮正在途中在波罗的海在任何指定时间（赫尔辛基委员会， 1990年） 。
该报告（赫尔辛基委员会， 1990年）也给风险评估草案的流出化学油轮和得出结论认为，这种损失主要是由于搁浅和碰撞。外流的货物从一个单一的化学品液货船底部估计为25 10万航程在接地事故。碰撞事故，相应的风险估计为5 10万航次。然而，这些估计所有有关单壳油轮，一些修正系数被用来转换的结果，使它们可以适用于双壳油轮。在搁浅，单壳油轮发现有泄漏的8倍多于双壳油轮。至于碰撞有人认为，双壳油轮只有20 ％的碰撞将导致损害的内在舱壁破裂，大约20 ％的这些事件可能会延长在水线之下。更详细的数字为不同的情况提出了在（赫尔辛基委员会， 1990年） 。