请教高手一个语法问题，谢谢

这里涉及到省略和替代两个语法点
NOT常常用来代替前一个句子的否定形式。如
HE WANTED TO DATE YOU ，NOT ME。他想和你约会而不是我NOT ME =HE DID NOT WANT TO DATE ME。相同的地方都省略了，只留下不同的NOT ME 。你的句子的NOT=the government is NOT in the business of bailing out

THOSE=前面出现过的名词=THE +名词复数。在这个句子里=THE financial institutions
THEM=energy prices
--- not those that lower them.=the government is NOT in the business of bailing out THE financial institutions THAT LOWER ENERGY PRICES

those是指示代词，代之以上的内容。对于后面的句子来说是先行词。
that是关系代词，引导主语从句。
你断句有无，not those that并非什么特殊句式，应把not those与that分开理解。
注：此处lower活用为动词。