帮忙翻译下(急用,简单点就可以了)(今天以内回答追加20分)

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/23 02:10:00
常染色体显性遗传 一种遗传性状或遗传病有关的基因位于常染色体上,其性质是显性的,这种遗传方式称为常染色体显性遗传;完全显性遗传:凡是致病基因杂合状态(Aa)时,表现出像纯合子一样的显性性为状或遗传病者,称为完全显性;不完全显性:有时杂合子(Aa)的表现型较纯合子轻,这种遗传方式称为不完全显性(incomplete dominance)或半显性(semi-dominance),也称中间型遗传(intermedeate inheritance);共显性:一对常染色体上的等位基因,彼此间没有显性和隐性的区别,在杂合状态时,两种基因都能表达,分别独立地产生基因产物,这种遗传方式称为共显性遗传(co- dominace);根据孟德尔分离律的原理,已知双亲血型,就可以估计出子女中可能出现的血型和不可能出现的血型(表4-不规则显性:带有显性基因的个体理应发病,但事实上并非完全如此,有些杂合子(Aa)并不发病,这可能是因受修饰基因等因素的影响而不表现出临床症状,失去显性特点而不外显,有时表现程度有差异,称为不规则显性(irregular dominance);延迟显性:有些显性遗传病并非出生后即表现出来,而是到较晚期才出现症状,这种情况称为延迟显性(delayed dominance)。慢性进行性舞蹈病(Huntington’s chorea)可作为实例;常染色体隐性遗传 控制遗传性状或遗传病的基因位于常染色体上,其性质是隐性的,在杂合状态时不表现相应性状,只有当隐性基因纯合子(aa)方得以表现,称为常为常染色体隐性遗传病(autosomal recessive inheritance,AR)。这种致病基因所引起的疾病称为常染色体隐性遗传病。目前已知的常染色体隐性遗传病或异常性状达1631种(1992年)。白化病(albinism)可作为常染色体隐性遗传病的实例。

Autosomal dominant genetic trait or a genetic disease-related genes located on chromosome often, the nature of dominance. This genetic approach is called autosomal dominant inheritance; completely dominant inheritance : all disease genes heterozygous state (Aa), displayed the same as homozygous dominant nature of the situation or genetic disease, known as totally dominant; not completely dominant : Sometimes heterozygote (Aa) phenotype than homozygotes light, This genetic approach is called incomplete dominant (incomplete dominance) or semi-dominant (s emi - dominance). also known as the intermediate type of genetic (intermedeate inheritance); Co-dominant : one pair of regular chromosomes alleles, not between dominant and recessive distinction, in the heterozygous state, Two genes were able to express, independent gene product. This approach is called a total genetic pedigree (co-dominace); According to Mendel's laws of the separation principle, known parents blood, on the estim