翻译。高分。。!还有追加!!!!

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/14 08:20:59
我要人工翻译的,不要机器翻译,机器翻译,我宁愿关闭问题也不会给分,人工翻译的,我会追加!
看起来很多,但是英语单词都占了很多,仔细看的话,其实也没多少,所以,请各位高手帮帮忙了!

最常用的英语构词方法有以下三种
(1)转化法conversion 转化法就是把一个词从一种词类转成另一种词类。例如:black a.(黑)→to blacken v.(使黑),这种转化被称为缀后(affixation)或派生(derivation).可以用改变词根的元音或辅音的方法,例如:hot a.(热)→to heat v.(热)、full a.(满)→to fill v.(装满)、whole a.(健康)→to heal v.(医治)、blood n.(血)→to bleed v.(出血)等,这叫做元级派生(primary derivation).也可以不改变词本身的拼法,转成其它词类,如:gangrene n.(坏疽)→gangrene v.(使生疽)、gargle n.(嗽喉)→gargle v.(嗽喉)、correct a.(正确的)→correct v.(纠正)、second num.(第二) →second vt.(支持)、image n.(影像)→image v.(作图像)sample n.(样品)→sample v.(取样),这些就属于转化(conversion)了。除此之外,还可以有种种的词类转化。
(2)合成法(composition)合成法就是把两个以上的词、组合成一个复合词。如:three year-old(三周岁的)、up-to-date(最新式的)、up-to-the-minute(非常时髦的)、peace-keeping(维持和平的)、take-off(飞机的起飞)、film-goers(电影观众)、easy-chair(沙发)、consulting-room(诊室)、over-estimate(估计过高)、outnumber(超过数目)、furrow-keratitis(勾状角膜炎)、esimate-ray (r射线)、gas-forming (产气)、giant-cell(巨细胞)、group-specific(类属特异性的),等等。
(3)缀后法(affixation)缀后法指

The most common usage of English word-building has the following three.
(1)CONVERSION is a way to convert a word from a word class to another. Such as black a.(黑)→to blacken v.(使黑).,this sort of conversion is called affixation or derivation. There is another conversion that you change the vowel or consonant of a etyma. Such as hot a.(热)→to heat v.(热)、full a.(满)→to fill v.(装满)、whole a.(健康)→to heal v.(医治)、blood n.(血)→to bleed v.(出血)and so on, this is called primary derivation. Also, it's allowed to make a conversion without changing the spelling of the word itself. Such as gangrene n.(坏疽)→gangrene v.(使生疽)、gargle n.(嗽喉)→gargle v.(嗽喉)、correct a.(正确的)→correct v.(纠正)、second num.(第二) →second vt.(支持)、image n.(影像)→image v.(作图像)sample n.(样品)→sample v.(取样). All those methods belong to conversion. Besides, there are a lot of methods to convert a word.
(2)COMPOSITION is to combine tow or more words into a mulriple word. Such as :three year-old(三周岁的)、up-to-date(最新式的)、up-to-the-minu