求一个数列的通项

来源:百度知道 编辑:UC知道 时间:2024/06/09 02:57:07
a[1]=1 , a[n+1]=2a[n]+2^n , {a[n]}通项是~?

别用土办法啊...

~~~~~正解如下~~~~~

a[n+1]=2a[n]+2^n,将此式两边同除以2^(n+1),
则有:a[n+1]/2^(n+1)=a[n]/2^n+1/2
记b[n]=a[n]/2^n,那么b[n+1]-b[n]=1/2.b[n]是公差为1/2的等差数列
b[1]=a[1]/2=1/2
那么b[n]=n/2
所以a[n]=b[n]*2^n=n*2^(n-1).

解毕~

a[n+1] = 2a[n] + 2^n
2a[n] = 2^2*a[n-1] + 2^n
2^2a[n-1] = 2^3*a[n-2] + 2^n
...
2^(n-1)*a[2] = 2^n*a[1] + 2^n

以上n个式子相加:
a[n + 1] = 2^n * a[1] + n * (2^n) = (n+1)*(2^n)

所以:
a[n] = n * [2^(n-1)]