UC知道关于贸易壁垒的翻译(不用专业翻,告诉意思就可)
来源：百度知道 编辑：UC知道 时间：2024/05/19 12:47:44
1 Quotas
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Countries have circumvented this regulation most notably for textiles, footwear by negotiating (imposing) “voluntary export restraint agreements”.
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Under quotas, if future domestic demand is known, business can be subtract the quota and have a reasonable idea of their future production levels. Under tariffs domestic products must estimate the elasticity of the demand curve for imported products and the future movements in world prices. On the other hand, if domestic demand declines, a fixed quota will take up a large percent of the depressed domestic market, whereas under a tariff domestic producers are largely unaffected.
2 Buy National Restrictions
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The US has a wide rang of “buy American” regulations at the national and state levels which national defense is sometimes limited to American producers or requires a high price discount below the US price for foreign suppliers.
During the Tokyo round of the GATT negotiation
……
Countries have circumvented this regulation most notably for textiles, footwear by negotiating (imposing) “voluntary export restraint agreements”.
……
Under quotas, if future domestic demand is known, business can be subtract the quota and have a reasonable idea of their future production levels. Under tariffs domestic products must estimate the elasticity of the demand curve for imported products and the future movements in world prices. On the other hand, if domestic demand declines, a fixed quota will take up a large percent of the depressed domestic market, whereas under a tariff domestic producers are largely unaffected.
2 Buy National Restrictions
……
The US has a wide rang of “buy American” regulations at the national and state levels which national defense is sometimes limited to American producers or requires a high price discount below the US price for foreign suppliers.
During the Tokyo round of the GATT negotiation
1 配额 ...... 国家最著名地徊避了这个章程为纺织品, 鞋类由谈判(强加)"义务出口克制协议" 。 ...... 在配额之下, 如果未来国内需求为人所知, 事务可能是减去配额和有他们的未来生产水平一个合理的想法。在关税之下国内产品必须估计需求曲线的弹性为进口的产品和未来运动在世界价格。另一方面, 如果国内需求下降, 一份固定的配额将占去沮丧的国内市场的一大百分之, 但是在关税之下国内生产商是主要未受影响的。 2 个购买国民制约 ...... 美国有一宽敲响了"购买美国" 章程在国防对美国生产商有时被限制的国民和状态水平或要求高价折扣在美国价格之下为外国供应商。 在GATT 交涉的东京圆期间, 一个温和的代码对外国供应商开放政府合同谈判了。现在至少政府必须公开大获得合同和接受外国出价。政府然而仍然不必需做公众优胜者的出价或它的出价为选择赢取出价。