求关于供应链的英文 5000单词以上

supply chain

A supply chain, logistics network, or supply network is a coordinated system of organizations, people, activities, information and resources involved in moving a product or service in physical or virtual manner from supplier to customer. The entities of a supply chain typically consist of manufacturers, service providers, distributors, sales channels (e.g. retail, ecommerce) and consumers (end customers). Supply chain activities (aka value chains or life cycle processes) transform raw materials and components into a finished product that is delivered to the end customer. Supply chain links value chains.

There are a variety of supply chain models, which address both the upstream and downstream sides.

The primary objective of supply chain management is to fulfill customer demands through the most efficient use of resources, including distribution capacity, inventory and labour.

Supply chain management (SCM) is the process of